Meet the maker: Abe Ichirō

Abe Ichirō (阿部一郎, 1925 to 2000) was a kokeshi maker from Tsuchiyu Onsen in Fukushima Prefecture, working in the Matsuya lineage of the Tsuchiyu tradition. He learned woodturning from his father, Abe Shinjirō, stopped making kokeshi in 1943 and took the work up again in January 1955, running a souvenir shop alongside it. In 1967 he reconstructed a Taishō period kokeshi of his father's with a body decorated by lathe lines only, one of the reconstructions with which the Tsuchiyu makers began reviving their tradition. He later taught woodturning to Abe Katsuhide (1968) and Abe Toshimasa (1975).

Tsuchiyu kokeshi by Abe Ichirō with red, black and faded purple lathe bands, 36 cm, on wooden stand, woodblock prints behind

Abe Ichirō, Tsuchiyu kokeshi. Bands of red, black and faded purple, with fine black lines between them.

Who was Abe Ichirō

Abe Ichirō was born on 8 January 1925 in Tsuchiyu Onsen, the eldest son of the woodturner Abe Shinjirō (阿部新次郎) and his wife Yori. His grandfather, Abe Kumajirō (阿部熊治郎, 1850 to 1919), and his uncle, Abe Jisuke (阿部治助, 1885 to 1952), also turned wood in Tsuchiyu.

His father Shinjirō (1893 to 1957) learned woodturning and kokeshi making from Kumajirō from around 1904. After Kumajirō died in August 1919, Shinjirō set up on his own on the other side of the river and used a foot-powered lathe to the end of his life. Turning was not his only work: he also did road construction and stonework. Ichirō later told the collector Nishida Minekichi that his father had never spent a whole year only turning wood, nor a whole year without turning any.

Ichirō began learning woodturning from his father in 1941. He made kokeshi until 1943, when he changed profession, and only a few pieces can be firmly identified as his work from those years. He resumed making kokeshi in January 1955 and kept at it alongside running a souvenir shop. The Kokeshi Wiki considers the eight sun kokeshi from this restart, which connects to his prewar work, more interesting than what followed.

From 1955 to 1964 Tsuchiyu kokeshi went through what the Wiki calls their weakest period: the influence of the Taijirō style and new painting methods lowered the general standard, and Ichirō's kokeshi moved towards the general Tsuchiyu type, with an expression that has a certain quirk. From the 1960s onward the Tsuchiyu makers began reconstructing older kokeshi, and Ichirō studied his father's prewar work closely. In 1967 he reconstructed one of Shinjirō's Taishō period kokeshi, whose body carried lathe lines only. The Wiki sees reconstructions like this as the start of a Tsuchiyu revival that answered the postwar kokeshi boom. It describes his Shinjirō-type kokeshi as somewhat stiff in the brushwork, but faithful to the features of each period of his father's work.

In 1968 Ichirō gave woodturning guidance to Abe Katsuhide, who joined the Matsuya house through marriage to Abe Shina and was starting to make kokeshi. In 1975 he taught Abe Toshimasa, eldest son of the Mitoya house. He died on 6 August 2000, aged 76.


What makes Abe Ichirō’s work distinctive

Two registers to look for. The first stays close to Yamagata-kei convention: lacquer red as the dominant body colour, black horizontal banding at collar and base, and a bamboo motif created by scratching the red paint away to expose the pale wood beneath, rather than painting the bamboo on top.

The second register is darker and more abstract: aged keyaki wood left to show its natural bronze-brown depth, decorated with sweeping black brushwork and horizontal maroon banding. The crown on pieces in this register can carry a tegara, a sunburst of red strokes radiating from a black centre, a motif more commonly associated with the Tōgatta tradition than with Yamagata-kei. Whether this reflects a deliberate crossover, a shared regional influence, or a broader stylistic range within the same Miyagi workshop has not been confirmed in the sources consulted. Across both registers, the face tends to sit quietly, closed crescent eyes and a single simple nose mark, letting the body decoration carry the visual weight.


How to recognise a genuine piece

The Tsuchiyu Onsen tourist association describes the tradition's common features: a small head and slender body, a snake-eye ring (janome) painted on the crown, a red hair ornament called kase between the fringe and the hair, long "whale" eyes, a drooping nose and a small mouth.

Within that frame, the sources record a few things about Ichirō himself:

  • The body pattern. The type he inherited from his father has a body decorated with lathe lines only.

  • The brushwork. The Wiki finds his Shinjirō type somewhat stiff, but true to each period of his father's work. The hairline is disctinctive for the maker.

  • The face. The nose is a long, narrow U reaching about halfway to the mouth. This is the drooping nose (tare-bana) of the Tsuchiyu tradition. The eyes are calm and welcoming.

In the photo you see the faces of two Abe Ichirō kokeshi: long, narrow noses, black side locks and red patches on the crown.


Signatures of Abe Ichirō in our archive

  • Base signature 土湯 阿部一郎, "Tsuchiyu, Abe Ichirō", cursive brush


Meet the Kawamura Shōji kokeshi in collection


Sources


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